Abortion - A Freedom Of Choice Essay -- Pro Choice Pro-Choice essays r

During the last twenty-five years, abortion has been one of the most heated topics being debated in the United States and Canada. The only topics that equal the abortion debate are race and war. Abortion is a discussion of human interaction where ethics, emotions, and law come together. There are people that have different views of abortion but no matter what their view is they fall under a thin line. There is the pro-choice and the pro-life. These are the only two categories that people’s views fall into. A pro-choice person would feel that the decision to abort a pregnancy is that of the mothers and the government has no right to interfere. A pro-lifer would hold that from the moment of conception, the embryo or fetus is alive. Since this embryo or fetus is alive and is a person you have no moral right to abort a life. If you aborted the life (person) you would be committing murder. The word â€Å"murder† is mainly used by pro-lifers to describe what happens when you abort an embryo/fetus. Murder means deliberate and unjustified killing of another person containing intent. How can anyone tell a woman that they can’t abort an embryo/fetus to interrupt a pregnancy if it is a result of rape or incest? A women cannot bear the thought of having a child that would be a constant reminder of what happened on such and such a day, such and such number of years ago. The mother doesn’t want to kill a baby; she wants to interrupt the growth of an embryo so that it will not become a baby. The mother interrupts potential life. If the mother aborts the embryo at a very early stage it’s not even recognizable as human and that’s why potential life is just that, potential. My personal belief is that each woman has the right to decide whether she wants to abort an unwanted pregnancy. Remember the termination of the pregnancy might have to do with the health of the mother herself, maybe the mother is unable to attend to the child’s needs after its born, resulting in child abuse and mental disease. In these situations abortion is a must in my opinion. Most abortions occur because contraception fails, because of a rape or because of a serious medical condition of the mother, which could lead to her death. In these situations abortion is often the only way that prevents the birth of an unwanted child or saves a mothers life. In the world today pregnancy often has catast... ...eering there are many pros and cons for each. What it mainly comes down to is how each individual perceives each situation of abortion and genetic engineering. If one person sees abortion as a women’s choice and can back up his views with proof that it would be better for the mother, then do not try to destroy their views. If a person sees abortion as killing a life and they want to abolish abortion, then let them have a chance to voice their opinions. Remember that it is good to have views from both sides because then people aren’t always seeing in tunnel vision. When looking at genetic engineering I hope people realize that this field of science could be very good to society and also very detrimental. So what ever our society decides to do with abortion and genetic engineering, remember the effects that could happen to the world as a whole. God gave us freedom of choice and if He, as a God, gives all of us this freedom, what right do we have to take it away from peoples opinions? Bibliography â€Å"Induced Abortion Worldwide.† Online. The Alan Guttmacher Institute. Available: http://www.agi-usa.org/pubs/ib_0399.html. May 1999. Abortion - A Freedom Of Choice Essay -- Pro Choice Pro-Choice essays r During the last twenty-five years, abortion has been one of the most heated topics being debated in the United States and Canada. The only topics that equal the abortion debate are race and war. Abortion is a discussion of human interaction where ethics, emotions, and law come together. There are people that have different views of abortion but no matter what their view is they fall under a thin line. There is the pro-choice and the pro-life. These are the only two categories that people’s views fall into. A pro-choice person would feel that the decision to abort a pregnancy is that of the mothers and the government has no right to interfere. A pro-lifer would hold that from the moment of conception, the embryo or fetus is alive. Since this embryo or fetus is alive and is a person you have no moral right to abort a life. If you aborted the life (person) you would be committing murder. The word â€Å"murder† is mainly used by pro-lifers to describe what happens when you abort an embryo/fetus. Murder means deliberate and unjustified killing of another person containing intent. How can anyone tell a woman that they can’t abort an embryo/fetus to interrupt a pregnancy if it is a result of rape or incest? A women cannot bear the thought of having a child that would be a constant reminder of what happened on such and such a day, such and such number of years ago. The mother doesn’t want to kill a baby; she wants to interrupt the growth of an embryo so that it will not become a baby. The mother interrupts potential life. If the mother aborts the embryo at a very early stage it’s not even recognizable as human and that’s why potential life is just that, potential. My personal belief is that each woman has the right to decide whether she wants to abort an unwanted pregnancy. Remember the termination of the pregnancy might have to do with the health of the mother herself, maybe the mother is unable to attend to the child’s needs after its born, resulting in child abuse and mental disease. In these situations abortion is a must in my opinion. Most abortions occur because contraception fails, because of a rape or because of a serious medical condition of the mother, which could lead to her death. In these situations abortion is often the only way that prevents the birth of an unwanted child or saves a mothers life. In the world today pregnancy often has catast... ...eering there are many pros and cons for each. What it mainly comes down to is how each individual perceives each situation of abortion and genetic engineering. If one person sees abortion as a women’s choice and can back up his views with proof that it would be better for the mother, then do not try to destroy their views. If a person sees abortion as killing a life and they want to abolish abortion, then let them have a chance to voice their opinions. Remember that it is good to have views from both sides because then people aren’t always seeing in tunnel vision. When looking at genetic engineering I hope people realize that this field of science could be very good to society and also very detrimental. So what ever our society decides to do with abortion and genetic engineering, remember the effects that could happen to the world as a whole. God gave us freedom of choice and if He, as a God, gives all of us this freedom, what right do we have to take it away from peoples opinions? Bibliography â€Å"Induced Abortion Worldwide.† Online. The Alan Guttmacher Institute. Available: http://www.agi-usa.org/pubs/ib_0399.html. May 1999.

To what extent has the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR’s) case law recognised and protected the right not to be discriminated against on the ground of sexual orientation, in relation to marriage.

Abstract There has been much discussion as to whether the ECHR’s attempts to recognise and protect the right not to be discriminated against on the ground of sexual orientation have been successful. This is because, although the UK has in recent years made positive changes towards the equality of same-sex couples, discrimination is still prevalent in many other countries. This study aims to identify the extent to which such discrimination still exists and consider how effective the ECHR has been in preserving these rights. Introduction It will be examined the extent to which the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR’s) case law has recognised and protected the right not to be discriminated against on the ground of sexual orientation. This will be examined in respect of same-sex marriages and by considering whether same-sex couples are still being discriminated against or whether the ECHR has been successful in helping to protect the interests of such couples. Various case law of the ECHR will be examined and a review of the academic literature in this area will be conducted. These will be acquired by accessing relevant text books, journal articles, online databases and governmental reports. Once all the applicable information has been gathered an appropriate conclusion will then be drawn demonstrating that the ECHR has made significant attempts to protect the rights of individuals when it comes to their sexual orientation. However, it will be demonstrated that whilst this has proven successful in the UK, othe r countries are still reluctant to employ the ECHR’s approach. Literature Review The Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013 came into force on the 13 March 2014 to legalise same sex marriages as this was previously prohibited under section 11 (c) of the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973. This prohibited led to much debate and controversy for a number of years as it was felt that same-sex couples were being discriminated against and that their right to equality, as provided for under Article 14 of the European Convention of Human Rights 1951 (ECHR), as incorporated by the Human Rights Act 1998, was being violated. This controversy occurred regardless of the fact that civil partnerships were introduced under the Civil Partnership Act 2004 since it was still being argued that same-sex couples entering into a civil partnership were not provided with the same rights and responsibilities as heterosexual couples under a civil marriage. Inequality therefore still existed as the status of marriage was not capable of being acquired by same-sex couples. This was considered highly d etrimental and it was argued by Francoz-Terminal that; â€Å"if at one time homosexuality was considered as a choice that implied no procreation, nowadays legal systems have had to face a new factual reality.†[1] This highlights the importance of equality and it seems as though there has never been more of a pressing need for the provisions contained in the ECHR to be implemented. Not all agree that same sex-couples should have been permitted to marry rather than merely enter into a civil partnership, yet because of the increasing recognition of same-sex couples in many European countries it was evident that the permitting of gay marriages have been relevant when discussing reforms in England and Wales.†[2] There was clearly a pressing need for reform in this area since the 2004 Act had proven ineffective in providing same-sex couples with equal rights to heterosexual couples when it came to marriage. Nevertheless, whilst it was argued by some that civil partnerships were simply marriages under a different name, this was not entirely true. This is because the equal rights and responsibilities that were given to heterosexual couples were not being given to same-sex couples. For example, same sex couples were not allowed to get married in a church or other religious on the basis that these types of places are prohibited from conducting civil partnership ceremonies under the law. This was considered highly unfair given that some ministers were willing to marry same-sex couples; however they were prevented doing so by law. Modern beliefs that all people should be treated equally were therefore not being ascertained and all of the traditional views of marriage were upheld. Not all agree with the new changes, however, as churches can still refuse to marry same sex-couples which leaves same-sex couples open to further discrimination.[3] Yet, it is believed that the law should not restrict a person’s choice and that churches ministers should still have the ability to choose whether or not they would like to marry same-sex couples. This provides a fairer system overall because although some churches will permit same-sex marriages whilst others will not, the fact that marriages can be conducted in churches in the first place is a major step forward.[4] The debate as to whether same-sex marriages should be permitted has been going on for some time, and the courts have attempted to protect an individual’s right not to be discriminated against on grounds of sexual orientation on marriage. In The Attorney General for Ontario v M and H[5] it was held by the court that; â€Å"provincial governments are to take legislative action to ensure that individuals in same-sex relationships are afforded equal treatment with others in marriage-like relationships.† Regardless of these views, it wasn’t until the ECHR began to recognise such rights that Parliament decided to take action. In Schalk v. Kopf v. Austria[6] it was made clear by the ECHR that; â€Å"a failure by a state to allow same-sex couples to marry amounted to a violation of the article 12 right to marry.† This decision highlighted the need to make amendments to section 11 (c) of the 1973 Act so that same-sex couples were not being discriminated against on the basis of their sexual orientation when it came to marriage. It was quite surprising when the 2013 Act was implemented given the widespread concerns that existed and as put by Norrie; â€Å"the trouble with gay and lesbian people is that they are never satisfied. Give them a crumb and they want a slice of bread. Give them a slice of bread and they want a full meal.†[7] Nevertheless, although changes were made under the 2004 Act to provide same sex couples with equal rights to heterosexual couples, the ECHR did not believe that this went far enough and still found that discrimination subsisted. It could be said that civil ceremonies were the same as marriages, yet because the nature of the ceremonies were different as well as the rights that were provided to married couples, it was clear that further changes were needed if complete equality was to be attained. It was argued by Eireann that the 2004 Act was akin to marriage in that it allowed same-sex couples to â€Å"formally declare their allegiance to each other, register their partnership and commit themselves to a range of duties and responsibilities.†[8] On the other hand, because equality of choice and opportunity was removed from same-sex couples, their rights under the ECHR were not being fully recognised[9], which is why drastic changes to the law were implemented in 2013. Whether all 47 countries will follow the ECHR’s decision in Schalk is questionable[10], given the political backlash that some countries will be subjected to. Although the ECHR is of the view that same-sex marriages should be permit ted, they are also aware of the fact that not everyone agrees with this position. As a result, they made it clear in their judgment that the choice to marry same-sex couples should still remain with the minister conducting the ceremony and that the rights of ministers should also be upheld.[11] Therefore, whilst it is important that the rights to equality are being maintained when it comes to the marriage of same-sex couples, it is also important that the rights of ministers not to be discriminated against if they choose not to marry such couples are also preserved. The ECHR has made great attempts to recognise and protect the rights of individuals not to be discriminated against on grounds of sexual orientation over the years, which is enunciated in various case law decisions. An example of this can be seen in the Niemietz v Germany[12] case where it was made clear that the right to a private life under Article 8 of the ECHR included the right to establish relationships with other human beings regardless as to whether they were of the same sex or not. Therefore, the fact that there were laws against same-sex marriages demonstrated that the right to a private life under this Article was also being violated. This was also identified in Bensaid v United Kingdom[13] where the court held that â€Å"gender identification, name and sexual orientation and sexual life† were all capable of protection under Article 8. Arguably, the ECHR has been a pioneer for same-sex relationships for some time and has clearly made significant attempts to eradicat e discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation. In Mata Estevez v Spain[14] the Court held that same-sex relationships could be protected by the right to respect for private life, although it was held that homosexual relationships could not be protected by the right to a family life. However, this has since been resolved in the Schalk case above. The Schalk case is a major development within this area of the law, yet because many states have not yet legalised the marriage of same-sex couples it is manifest that the development of this area does remain ongoing. It remains to be seen what changes, if any will be made by other Member States because although this was a positive decision inferences were not drawn by the Court. This leads to confusion as to whether puzzling all States should follow suit and as has been noted; â€Å"the door may have been unlocked but remains closed (or half open) for now?†[15] Consequently, even though same sex marriages are now being permitted in the UK, inequality will still exist by the ability for ministers to refuse to marry same-sex couples. Whether this will ever be changed is doubtful since all individuals still have the right to freedom of belief and religion under Article 9 of the ECHR. Hence, there will still be many churches that will refuse to allow such marriages to take place, yet nothing can be done to stop this as this too will result in a violation of human rights. At present an attempt to strike a balance between these competing interests has been made and it is unlikely that discrimina tion on the grounds of sexual orientation with regards to marriage will ever be fully eradicated. Still, the rights same-sex couples have to marry has increased substantially over the years, though there will continue to be different views in relation to the acceptance of such marriages by society. Every person has a right to have an opinion and by forcing ministers to conduct same-sex marriages would seriously contravene. In addition to the UK, Belgium, the Netherlands and Canada, also allow same-sex marriages to be conducted, which demonstrates the movement that is being made towards achieving greater equality across the globe. This is believed highly desirable and as noted by the court in Fourie and Another v Minister of Home Affairs and Others;[16] â€Å"the limitation of marriage to opposite sex couples was unconstitutional.† Same-sex marriages should therefore be recognised in all countries as societal views are continuously changing and same-sex couples are starting to become the â€Å"norm.† It is questionable whether this will be implemented by all and as stressed by Herring; â€Å"the tensions between the traditional family ideal of what a family should be like and the realities of family life today indicate that family law is quite different from family law 30 years ago and where family law will be in 30 years time is hard to predict.†[17] Now that same-sex couples are able to marry under the 2013 Act, such couples are now able to claim a family status. This is necessary given that there is â€Å"no institution of a de facto family† as pointed out in McD v L & Another.[1 8] It is thus in the best interests of a child to be served in a marriage-based family and because same-sex couples can adopt, it is necessary for them to be able to marry also; N and Another v Health Service Executive & Ors[19] Nevertheless, because same-sex marriages are not permitted in all countries, such as France, it cannot be said that the ECHR’s approaches have been completely successful. It was recognised by Francoz-Terminal that the emergence of same-sex families has been challenging for French Law, yet it has been said that the courts do actually seem prepared to meet these challenges.†[20] Attitudes towards same-sex marriages have changed considerably over the years and are likely to continue to do so until such marriages are considered a normal part of society. As a result, â€Å"the married family can no longer be assumed to be the near-universal institution of civil society it once was.†[21] Because of the changes that continue to be made within society, it is vital that the law is able to keep abreast with such changes which can be achieved by making sure individuals are not discriminated against on the basis of their sexual orientation. Conversely, it has been said that marriage is being undermined as a result of this,[22] yet the courts should not be able to interfere in one’s beliefs as shown in Burden and Burden v UK.[23] The right to marry is enshrined in human rights law and is thereby considered a â€Å"fundamental part of the freedom of the individual to form personal relationships according to his or her own inclination.†[24] Resultan tly, individuals should have the right to marry whoever they wish regardless as to whether they are of the same-sex or not, though it remains to be seen whether other European countries will adopt the same approach as the UK in protecting such rights. Conclusion Overall, it is evident that the ECHR has recognised the rights of same-same couples for a number of years and has made great attempts to recognise and protect the right not to be discriminated against on grounds of sexual orientation. Nevertheless, it is only recently that the UK has implemented changes to reflect the stance taken by the ECHR by enacting the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013. This Act makes it permissible for same sex couples to marry in religious settings. Although the Civil Partnership Act 2004 was said to provide similar rights, these were not considered enough and same-sex couples were still being subject to much discrimination. Since the 2013 Act was implemented, greater equality is now capable of being attained in the UK. The ECHR in Schalk is considered a major breakthrough in this area as this decision is what sparked the introduction of the new law. Nevertheless, because not all countries have followed the same approach as the UK, the ECHR still has some way to go in attaining equality for all. This is likely to prove difficult given the divergence of opinions that exist in this area, yet because the marriage of same-sex couples is becoming the ‘norm’, it is likely that other European countries will follow suit. The fact that ministers are able to choose whether or not to conduct same-sex marriages also ensures that their rights are also being protected. This maintains a balance between the rights of individuals not to be discriminated against on grounds of sexual orientation with the rights of belief and opinion. Bibliography Books Herring, J. Family Law, Longman, 4th Edition, (2009). Lowe, N. and Douglas, G. Bromley’s Family Law, OUP Oxford, 10th Edition, (2006). Probert, R., Family Law in England and Wales, Kluwer Law International, (2011). Standley, K. Family Law, Palgrave MacMillan, 7th Edition, (2010). Troyer, L. Church in Society, Xulon Press, (2011). Journals C F Stychin, ‘Not (Quite) a Horse and Carriage: The Civil Partnership Act 2004’ (2006), Feminist Legal Studies, Springer 2006, Volume 14, Number 1, 79-86. Doughty, S., Conservative UK: Most Britons Still Oppose Gay Marriage, The Daily Mail, (2011), Available [Online] at: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2040783/Conservative-UK-Most-Britons-oppose-gay-marriage.html Eireann, D., Parliamentary Debates, Volume 697, Number 1, (2009), Available [Online] at: http://debates.oireachtas.ie/Xml/30/DAL20091203.PDF Francoz-Terminal, L, From same-sex couples to same-sex familiesCurrent French legal issues, Child and Family Law Quarterly, Issue 4, [2009] CFLQ 485, (2009). Matheson Ormsby Prentice, Civil Partnerships and Certain Rights and Obligations of Cohabitants Act 2010, Client Update, (2010), Available [Online] at: https://marketing.mop.ie/rs/vm.ashx?ct=24F76A1FD4AE4EE0CDD881AED12B921991907ABFDA9818CF5AE175767CEAC80BDF417 Norrie, K. Two by Two, by Two, The Journal Online, The Members Magazine of the Law Society of Scotland, (18 October, 2010), Available [Online] at: http://www.journalonline.co.uk/Magazine/55-10/1008759.aspx Peroni, L., Gay Marriage: Unlocking the Door but Keeping it ClosedStrasbourg Observers, (25 June, 2010), Available [Online] at: http://strasbourgobservers.com/2010/06/25/gay-marriage-court-unlocks-the-door-but-keeps-them-closed/ Probert, R. and Barlow, A. Displacing Marriage – Diversification and Harmonisation Within Europe, Child and Family Law Quarterly, [2000] CFLQ 153, Issue 2, (01 June, 2000). Ross, T., Archbishop Attacks Cameron’s ‘Gay Marriage’ Plan, The Telegraph, (2011) Available [Online] at: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/8809548/Archbishop-attacks-Camerons-gay-marriage-plan.html Rothwell, R. Why Civil Partnerships for Heterosexual Couples Could be a Good Idea, The Law Society Gazette, (11 August, 2010), Available [Online] at: http://www.lawgazette.co.uk/blogs/news-blog/why-civil-partnerships-heterosexual-couples-could-be-a-good-idea Sohrab, J., Recognising Aquired Gender, New Law Journal, 154 NLJ 1018, Issue 7135, (02 July, 2004). Tatchell, P., in BBC News, Gay Church ‘Marriages’ Set to Get the Go-Ahead, BBC, (14 February, 2011), Available [Online] at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-12442375 The Office for National Statistics, Marriages, (February 11, 2010), Available [Online] at: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/cci/nugget.asp?id=322 Wintemute, R. Consensus is the Right Approach for the European Court of Human Rights, The Guardian, (12 August, 2010), Available [Online] at: http://www.guardian.co.uk/law/2010/aug/12/european-court-human-rights-consensus Cases Bensaid v United Kingdom (2001) 33 EHRR 205 Burden and Burden v UK [2008] All ER (D) 391, Application No 13378/05; (2008) 47 EHRR 857 Fourie and Another v Minister of Home Affairs and Others Application No. 56501/00, 10 May 2001 Niemietz v Germany (1992) 16 EHRR 97 Mata Estevez v Spain Application No. 56501/00, 10 May 2001 McD v L & Another [2009] IESC 81 N and Another v Health Service Executive & Ors [2006] I.E.S.C. 60 Schalk v. Kopf v. Austria [2010] ECHR 30141/04 (25 June 2010) The Attorney General for Ontario v M and H [1999] 2 SCR 3

Francois Roys Diversity Plan for Peoples Bank for Quebec

Francois Roys Diversity Plan for PBQ Francois had been director of the Peoples Bank for Quebec (PBQ) for little more than a year when she undertook an ambitious project which entailed increasing the diversity in the workplace and eliminating existent prejudice. The Human Rights Committee had approved of her intentions and Francois now has to draft a workforce diversity action plan. The plan that she drafted follows five stages each of which has its strengths and weaknesses. The essay will explore each of these in turn. Francois Plan Stage 1 Set Rules and Practices which promote Diversity This first phase involved designing and implementing a global equity policy as well as designing and implementing an anti-harassment policy which protects members of diversity groups. Francois also intended to design and implement a staffing policy and train managers on the requirement of the Employment Equity Act. This is one of the most important characteristics since minorities are particularly sensitive to discrimination and harassment (Cox, 1994). A workplace that practices and demonstrates equal rights treatment will gain a reputation for being fair and honest and will have greater chance of attracting a diverse workforce than one that is not. Finally, Francois intended to implement a reward program that would provide incentives to managers to adopt the system. Firstly, Francois is correct in aiming for greater diversity. Drawing on consistent research,(Shen et al., 2009),

Slavery By Another Name By Douglas Blackmon - 1181 Words

Slavery by Another Name Essay Slavery by Another Name gives readers an interesting and eye opening look into the past of the re-enslavement of Black Americans. The author, Douglas Blackmon, presents a compelling and effective presentation and argument; which adds on to my previous knowledge of this familiar and personal topic, that slavery did not necessarily end with the Emancipation Proclamation. He argues that from the Civil War to World War II Black Americans were re-enslaved through hard labor. He uses various examples of real life experiences from descendants of the re-enslaved Black Americans and documents to support his presentation which gives the reader a better view as to what those times were like. Blackmon researched all the facts and information for this book himself being certain not to alter any quotations from individuals to keep everything true. Although Blackmon uses many stories in his book he chose to focus this narrative on one forgotten black man and his fami ly, Green Cottenham. Blackmon states in his introduction, â€Å"The absence of his voice rest at the center of this book† (pg 10). Blackmon provides many stories in his book about what the slaves to forced laborers went through and how they felt about the new so called â€Å"freedom† they gained. The Black Americans prior to the Emancipation Proclamation have never seen the slightest clue to what freedom could even feel like. â€Å"Some of the old slaves said they too weren’t sure what â€Å"freedom† really was†Show MoreRelatedDouglas A. Blackmon s `` Slavery By Another Name ``1176 Words   |  5 Pages Douglas A. Blackmon was an award-winning novelist and was very known by his book, â€Å"Slavery by Another Name†. This book takes you through a dark time in our past and shows you the lifestyle of an average American. Many of people did not know that slavery was not completely abolished until 1945. Many believed that slavery had stopped after the Civil War. Douglas A. Blackmon gave a clear presentation of the American lives, and the hardship many African-Americans had to live t hrough. Many African-AmericansRead MoreNeo Slavery and Famous Journalist Douglas A. Blackmon 548 Words   |  2 Pageswinner Douglas A. Blackmon started off small in Leland Mississippi, publishing his first story to his local newspaper at age 12. Later on in life he attended college at Hendrix University where he got his degrees in English. Throughout life his career has been mainly focused on the history of race and human rights. Blackmon has worked in a variety of places though out his career such as the Atlanta Journal Constitution, The Wall Street Journal, and in 2011 he joined the Washington Post. 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However after reading Douglas Blackmon’s Slavery by Another Name I am clearly convinced that slavery continued for many years afterward. It is shown throughout this book that slavery did not end until 1942, this is when the condition of what Blackmon refers to as neoslavery began. Neoslavery was practiced after the Emancipation Proclamation and until the beginning of World War IIRead MoreThe Civil War Of The American South3167 Words   |  13 Pagescontroversial 1915 film Birth of a Nation. In which the main villains, being free’d black slaves now turned soldiers and mulatto characters such as (apparently psychotic) politician Sylas Lynch, each represent a threat of miscegenation in one way or another. While the black soldiers do represent one of the many societal inversions of the film in the powerful position of blacks over whites, they also carry a new threat of future miscegenation. Which is characterized by their distinctly frightening sexual

Organizational Structure and Strategic Design Lens Essay

Dynacorp: Case Analysis MGT 636-52 February 3, 2012 Dynacorp: Case Analysis Introduction Dynacorp, officially The Dyna Corporation, is a major global information systems and communications company. It was originated as an office equipment company and moved in the 1960s and 1970s into high-technology applications. In the 1980s the company became an industry leader by being the first to provide innovative and high quality products. The demand for products was so high that customers were willing to wait for months just to have them delivered. Growth and earnings slowed in the 1990s as the company’s costs increased, value-added services and solutions were not offered, new products were slow to market, and the products were not†¦show more content†¦Analysis of Alternatives Strategic Design Lens As Dynacorp outgrew its functional structure it began to experience common disadvantages of such organizational types. These disadvantages include unresponsiveness to changes in the market and to customers. Restructuring to Front/Back revealed a structural disadvantage that is identical to the functional structure: poor integration between market needs and technology development. An additional disadvantage incurred due to the restructure was inadequate integration and synergy between the front and back ends. Alternative structures such as grouping by output/product or grouping by market are not options as they would result in â€Å"duplication of activities and resources, the erosion of deep technical expertise, missed opportunities for synergies and learning† (Ancona, Kochan, Scully, Van Maanen, amp; Westney, 2009, p. M2-19). The matrix structure provided a potential positive aspect in that it would provide a needed cross-functional linking mechanism by mixing the functional structure with grouping by output/product, but the complexity, cost, dual systems, and dual roles resulting from the matrix structure historically resulted in either the functional or the output/product system becoming more powerful than the other. Political Lens The political system within Dynacorp appears to be one with a history of operating in separate silos. The oldShow MoreRelatedCase Study Dydynacorp Essay669 Words   |  3 Pagesan alternative design? what would be your second choice? 2) Which of the problems of the current design would your chosen design address? what problems (if any) would it not address? Are there any new problems to which it might lead? 3) What linking and alignment mechanisms would you propose to make the â€Å"grouping† of your first choice design more effective? 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Flowers For Algernon Essay Thesis Example For Students

Flowers For Algernon Essay Thesis In Daniel Keyes compelling novel, Flowers for Algernon, the main character undergoes both important emotional and physical changes. The book has an interesting twist, as it is described in the characters progress reports. This book has a science fiction undertone, and takes place in exciting New York City. As the novel begins, the main character, Charlie Jordan is thirty-two years old, but cannot remember anything from his childhood. Charlie Jordan words at a bakery in New York City. But there is something a little different about Charliehe is mentally retarded. He also attends evening classes at Beckman College. Here he submits his progress reports to the research team at the college. In these reports the reader is revealed Charlies experiences in the bakery where the owner has brought him from the Warren State Home, an institute for mentally retarded. He soon becomes a part of the bakery, and considers his co-workers as friends. From these reports, the team has considered Charlie a prime candidate for an experimental surgery, which if effective, would improve his intelligence. Soon begins Charlies preliminary testing. For weeks and weeks on end, Charlie undergoes simple tests of ordinary tasks, and competes in racing with a mouse. He becomes depressed when the mouse beats him every time. The operations takes place soon after, and Charlie becomes more disappointed with immediate results. However, he is assured t hat he will progress gradually, and steadily. Over a short period of time, he begins to read more, win more mazes, and master some complex processes at the bakery. His co-workers begin to resent him, and he is completely disillusioned. He now has to spend more and more time being tested at the lab. Charlie learns that the mouse Algernon, whom he constantly competes with, has also undergone a surgery similar to his own, and accounts for his intelligence. Charlie surges ahead in knowledge, and masters languages. He begins to see his supportive teacher from the college, Alice, as an attractive young woman. They become extremely close, and Charlie eventually tries to make love to her. On these several occasions, he finds that he suffers a violent physical reaction while trying and has to stop.He cannot understand why this is happening to him. At this same time, Charlie begins re-living repressed memories of his childhood, and is disturbed by images of his mother pushing him to study, or his being neglected in favor of his sister. He is upset, and even frightened, but he finds his newfound intellectual ability more thrilling and keeps working hard. The scientists at the lab report to Charlie that he and Algernon are to be taken to Chicago for a convention, in which the head scientist will present the findings of his team. Once they arrive, Charlie and Algernon are the prime exhibits and Charlie is humiliated by some remarks made. He also discovers that the researchers had not given sufficient time to verify their results of Algernon before performing the experiment on Charlie. Charlie and Algernon run away to New York, and Charlie decides his time is probably short, and begins to try and trace the reasons for his experiments failure. Alice and Charlie cannot overcome their problems, and she is forced to move on. He soon gets involved with Fay, his neighbor and unconventional artist. Around her, he is able to defeat his inhibitions. But as Charlies work becomes harder and more time constraining, they too break up. Algernon the mouses condition worsens as a whole, and he finally dies. Charlie sees this as a sigh of doom, and know s that his own time is approaching. He seeks his parents out, and meets his father, but cannot bear to introduce himself. He then meets his sister and his mother, and brags about his accomplishments, makes peace, and continues on. Charlie meets the scientist Nemur at a party, and sites him as being insensitive. Nemur charges Charlie as selfish and arrogant, which Charlie does readily accept. Charlie also comes to terms with his old Charlie, and accepts himself as an important and enduring part of him. Charlie and Alice get together once more, but only to find their own fulfillment for a short time. As his mind

Terrorism in India free essay sample

Terrorism In India The attacks on Indian Parliament and on Mumbai has left the people of India in a state of shock and fear for their life. The situation on Kashmir is still haunting the government and to add to the problems of Indian government is the recent attack on hotels in Mumbai killing many people including people from different nations. I think its time that India should follow a zero tolerance policy towards terrorism and the terrorists. The attack on Mumbai is â€Å"an attack on the spirit of India†. This nation is under attack. The scale, intensity and level of orchestration of terror attacks in Mumbai put one thing beyond doubt: India is effectively at war and it has deadly enemies in its midst. As in the case of the demolition of New Yorks World Trade Center in 2001, Mumbais iconic monuments have come under attack. The terrorists who carried out the attacks are armed to the teeth and extremely well-motivated. We will write a custom essay sample on Terrorism in India or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The question now is whether the nation can show any serious degree of resolve and coordination in confronting terror. This war can be won, but it will require something from the political class, from security forces and from ordinary people. Its time now to move beyond pointing fingers at one another. Its also time to end the habit of basing ones stand on terrorism on the particular religious affiliation of terrorists, criticizing or exonerating them using their religion [as] a point of reference. Terrorists have no religion. Political bickering on this issue is divisive; what India needs now is unity. Indias divisive political culture, in which numerous parties, showing little or no spirit of cooperation, constantly battle each other for regional or national power, that has played a considerable part in allowing terrorism to breed. In India, it is still possible to approach counter-terrorism very casually and allow it to be diverted to byways that lead to dead ends. This is because national security has yet to carve out a worthwhile political constituency for itself. Till 2005, terrorist strikes, except in [the northwestern region of] Jammu and Kashmir, were annual occurrences. After the [July 11, 2006] Mumbai train blasts, they became biannual affairs, and for the past 18 months, they have become quarterly features. Terrorism in India has become a routine occurrence. The suffer-and-forget approach has become a national phenomenon. Politicians are routinely told by opinion pollsters that it does not pay to make anti-terrorism the central plank of any political campaign. The sense of outrage, they are told, is ephemeral and non-enduring. The Taj and Oberoi hotels werent some out-of-the-way lunch homes, they are at the heart of Mumbais social and business life. If it could happen there, or so the chattering classes must feel, it could also happen in the Taj and Oberoi in Delhi, Calcutta and Bangalore. This Mumbai attack has brought terrorism to the doorstep of opinion-makers. India may well recede into its traditional slumber, but there is a strong possibility that it will be jolted into realizing that the country is in the midst of an unconventional war. And that it is time to hit back – â€Å"with both love and bullets. † Terrorism in India free essay sample In August 2008, National Security Advisor M K Narayanan has said that there are as many as 800 terrorist cells operating in the country. [2] India has been accused by the Government of Pakistan of funding, supporting and arming designated anti-state terrorist or militant groups in Pakistan, as well of having direct involvement or links in many terrorist attacks inside the country, throughout multiple occasions in history. [1][self-published source? ] During the Soviet war in Afghanistan in the 1970s and 1980s, the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) of India was blamed of possible involvement in the planning and execution of several terrorist incidents inside Pakistan to deter Pakistani support of the Afghan liberation movement against Indias ally, the Soviet Union. [1][self-published source? ] In particular, it was believed to have provided assistance to the KGB intelligence agency, which at the time was believed to have a considerable network of terrorist activities inside Pakistani cities. [1] Intelligence reports during the time suggested that several training camps had been simultaneously established in Indian Punjab; t hese camps were accused of providing training to anti-Pakistan elements. We will write a custom essay sample on Terrorism in India or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Several small-scale terrorist incidents that occurred in Pakistani cities such as Peshawar, Lahore, Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Rawalpindi and Sheikhupura during the mid 1990s were attributed to the clandestine activities of the Indian intelligence agency. [1][self-published source? ] The then-Prime Minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif and many senior ministers within the Pakistani government condemned India for the upsurge of terrorist incidents, as well as for having a hand in sporadic Sunni-Shia sectarian conflicts in the country. 1][self-published source?